Those connections are then forwarded to individual devices according to their port number and local IP address. Incoming connections first go to your router or VPN server via the public IP address. NAT, or Network Address Translation, is what makes it possible for many devices to share a single public IP address. Each device connected to a wifi router or VPN server shares a public IP address but has a unique private IP address. Both wifi routers and VPNs often come with built-in NAT firewalls. To understand what port forwarding is and how it works, you must first have some basic understanding of NAT firewalls. For example, other torrenters can download a shared file from your device. Port forwarding allows unsolicited connections through the NAT firewall on specific ports, making it possible for devices on the internet to initiate connections and access services on a local device. When a NAT firewall is in place and another computer on the internet attempts to initiate a connection to your device, that connection is blocked and discarded. The private network can be made up of all the devices connected to a wifi router or all the users connected to a VPN. Port forwarding allows incoming connections from the internet to reach specific devices and programs on a private network. See also: Our in-depth PrivateVPN review What is port forwarding?
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